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–23 degree program costs ; Tuition $56, ; Student Activity Fee $ ; Academic and Technology Fee $ ; Health Insurance * $1, ; Orientation Fee ** $ Many of these schools are so expensive these days that many students are very wealthy, and as such don. Continue Reading.
Why is risd so expensive – why is risd so expensive:
Roughly 8. For more than 1 million of those people with type 1 diabetes, regular access to the medication is a necessity and they will die without it. Robert Gabbay, the chief scientific and medical officer for the American Diabetes Association. Insulin also helps control glucose levels for patients with other forms of diabetes. Some insulin users have rationed the drug because of its expense and risk numerous health complications as a result. Some people on private insurance pay hundreds of dollars monthly for the drug.
The cost has led some to use less insulin than their doctor prescribes or postpone paying for other medical care. Only three manufacturers — Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi — produce insulin, allowing those companies to control much of the market. Jing Luo, a professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh, said. A biosimilar insulin product the Food and Drug Administration approved last year , however, has been more expensive than advocates had hoped, Gabbay said.
But it was left out of the scaled down package now headed for a congressional vote. Capping the price of insulin will be very expensive. Insulin is not only getting more expensive, but the number of people using it is also increasing. AP Top News U. Lawsuit demands San Francisco stop homeless camp sweeps. As shelters fill, NYC weighs tents to house migrants. Connect with the definitive source for global and local news.
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Why is risd so expensive – why is risd so expensive:
This article is the second in a series of three focused on fundamentals relating to the supply and demand of Platinum Group Metals PGMs , including palladium, rhodium and platinum. Rhodium Rh is a relatively unknown precious metal, possibly due to its global demand being concentrated in auto-catalysts, where it is used in smaller quantities alongside sister PGMs palladium and platinum.
Below, we explain what rhodium is, how it is used, where supply originates, what demand may look like in the future. Rhodium, one of six PGMs, is a silver-white metallic element that is highly reflective and strongly resistant to corrosion.
It is considered the rarest and most valuable precious metal in the world — far more so than gold or platinum. Rhodium is a very special metal in terms of its performance in converting NOx into harmless gases, and will continue to be the metal of choice for the control of NOx.
Overall, the rhodium market is relatively small at just under 1. This tiny amount equals only 32 tonnes of material, which could easily be contained in a single semi-trailer truck. Mined supply of rhodium in was over ,oz and recycled supply was ,oz, resulting in a deficit of approximately 50,oz. Rhodium supply is inelastic to demand, which means that if demand increases, there is no fast way to ramp-up production or supply.
There is no such thing as a primary rhodium mine, and the major producers are all located in South Africa. Due to the very deep nature of aging mines in South Africa that produce by-product rhodium, the metal supply has been largely stagnant in recent years. With platinum in oversupply and depressed in price since , the South African mining companies face a conundrum: if these companies choose to mine more platinum to take advantage of the by-product rhodium, there is risk of oversupplying the platinum market and depressing prices further.
Additional issues that plague the mining sector in South Africa include:. Considering that emissions legislation globally is tightening, does all of this mean that rhodium prices will keep rising?
While rhodium is superior at what it does and loadings of the metal will always be present in auto-catalysts, it can be partially substituted with higher loadings of palladium.
With considerable palladium supply coming from Russia and North America, palladium is more diversified than that of its rarer sister metal, rhodium, and therefore easier for auto-catalyst manufacturers to procure. Stephen Forrest, the co-founder of a leading PGM research firm SFA Oxford bought by the South African mining company Sibanye Stillwater in late , was quoted saying he believed that semi-fabricators would start to substitute rhodium in auto-catalysts with palladium.
However, if or until such substitution is possible global palladium supply is also in deficit relative to demand , there is likely to be more upside for rhodium prices to reach new highs in the coming years. One of the recommendations made in the PEA was to further identify any rhodium mineralization that may be recoverable as a payable metal during production. The company has near-term plans to assay more River Valley drill core for rhodium content, thereby raising interest and increasing marketability of the River Valley PGM deposit, which being in Ontario Canada is in a very safe and secure mining jurisdiction with established infrastructure.
Rhodium is an extremely rare precious metal. Rhodium is used in other industries to a far lesser extent: a catalyst for producing nitric and acetic acids in the chemical industry protective coating on jewelry pieces to protect from scratches and tarnish a glass strengthening alloy Overall, the rhodium market is relatively small at just under 1.
These mines are labour and energy intensive, resulting in higher costs to develop each ounce. Additional issues that plague the mining sector in South Africa include: Lack of reliable energy-generating infrastructure and supply, burdensome regulatory hurdles for mining companies seeking to implement their own substantial power generation infrastructure. This makes reliable operation of the deep PGM mines difficult; The deep mines are labour intensive, and the mining sector in South Africa is the largest employer in the country.
Frequent wage disputes between workers unions and mining companies, results in months-long strikes that seriously impact revenues. Corruption and gaffe is embedded within many government institutions and corporations. Auto-catalysts and rhodium play an extremely important role in reducing the levels of harmful emissions being released into the atmosphere.
